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Jurnal Ekonomi dan Studi Pembangunan

Abstract

The financial inclusion gender gap is an important issue that has become a global concern, as financial inclusion can enhance women's empowerment in various aspects. Using the Fairlie Decomposition method, this study aims to describe whether there is financial inclusion gender gap in Indonesia and analyze what factors contribute significantly to the gap. This study represents one of the earliest analyses of the household financial inclusion gender gap, using the decomposition method, which is considered the most suitable for quantifying the contribution of the factors to the gap. The findings reveal that female-headed households have less access to financial inclusion. The biggest contributions of this gap are explained by differences in socioeconomic characteristics among genders, such as the limitations of the female-headed household in owning a mobile phone, the lower participation in the formal labor market, and the lower level of education. Thus, policies that focus solely on removing financial inclusion barriers from the supply side are insufficiently effective, as differences in gender characteristics or demand-side factors have become the primary causes of the financial inclusion gender gap.

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