Optimizing Aluminium 6061 Turning using Kesambi Oil-Based Cutting Fluid and Response Surface Methodology to Reduce Surface Roughness

Authors

Ari Wahjudi, Mechanical Engineering Department, Brawijaya University, Jl MT Haryono 167, Malang, 65145, IndonesiaFollow
Raihan Baihaki, Mechanical Engineering Department, Brawijaya University, Jl MT Haryono 167, Malang, 65145, IndonesiaFollow
Khairul Anam, Mechanical Engineering Department, Brawijaya University, Jl MT Haryono 167, Malang, 65145, IndonesiaFollow

Abstract

This study investigates the viability of Kesambi oil (Schleichera oleosa) as an environmentally sustainable, bio-based cutting fluid to reduce surface roughness during the turning of Aluminium 6061. The study employs Response Surface Methodology in conjunction with a Central Composite Design to identify the optimal parameter combination. These methods were used to optimize two primary variables, including the composition of Kesambi oil and the depth of cut during machining. Surface roughness was measured using a surface roughness tester, and a comprehensive quadratic regression equation was analyzed to elucidate its characteristics. The best configuration, comprising 19.57% Kesambi oil and a cutting depth of 0.99 mm, yielded a surface roughness of 3.61 µm, closely matching the predicted value of 3.59 µm. A Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy investigation was conducted to elucidate the reasons for the favorable performance of Kesambi oil, which indicated the presence of a thin lubricating film on the surface. This film presumably facilitated the reduction of friction and enhanced the ultimate surface quality. The findings suggest that Kesambi oil is both an effective and a sustainable, environmentally benign alternative to conventional petroleum-based cutting fluids. This study recommends the transition to more sustainable machining processes within manufacturing sectors.

Recommended Citation

Wahjudi, Ari; Baihaki, Raihan; and Anam, Khairul (2025) "Optimizing Aluminium 6061 Turning using Kesambi Oil-Based Cutting Fluid and Response Surface Methodology to Reduce Surface Roughness," Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST): Vol. 9: No. 1, Article 25.
Available at: https://citeus.um.ac.id/jmest/vol9/iss1/25