The Effect of Heat Treatment Duration on the Psychochemical, Mechanical, and Biodegradability of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Gambir Extract Biocomposite Films

Authors

• Ainul Kahfi Muhlasin, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Universitas Negeri Malang, IndonesiaFollow
• Poppy Puspitasari, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia; Nanomaterials Engineering Research Center, Universitas Negeri Malang, IndonesiaFollow
• Heru Suryanto, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia; Center Excellent for Cellulose Composite (CECCom), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, East Java, IndonesiaFollow
• Diki Dwi Pramono, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia; Nanomaterials Engineering Research Center, Universitas Negeri Malang, IndonesiaFollow
• Dieter Rahmadiawan, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, 25173, West Sumatra, IndonesiaFollow
• Billie Jack Pasion, College of Industrial Technology, Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology, PhilippinesFollow

Abstract

This study investigates PVA-based films with the addition of gambir and heat treatment to improve the characteristics of the film. Methods include the synthesis of PVA film with gambir addition (0.5%), treated by heat treatment for 40 minutes and 60 minutes. The film was characterised by physicochemical, mechanical properties, and biodegradability. Data was analyzed using ANOVA with a significance of 95%. Results indicate that the surface of PVA/gambir films is smoother and more homogeneous as the heat treatment duration increases. New peaks of functional groups were identified after the addition of gambir at the C-C and C-O groups. After heat treatment for 40 minutes, the film increases in crystallinity index, hydrophilicity, and the PVA/Gambir provides UV-A protection. Gambir addition does not significantly change hydrophilicity, whereas heat-treatment duration does. The biodegradation of PVA/Gambir (0.5%)- H40 film shows the highest biodegradation value of 18.66% on the 16th day. Gambir addition, heattreatment duration and time period each significantly affect biodegradability. The PVA/Gambir film with 40 minutes of heat treatment had the highest tensile strength of 47.82 N/mm² and elongation of 25.24%. However, the addition of gambier and heat treatment did not significantly affect tensile strength. The addition of gambier did not significantly affect elongation, but heat treatment had a significant effect.

Publisher

Universitas Negeri Malang

First Page

509

Last Page

523

Recommended Citation

Muhlasin, A. K., Puspitasari, P., Suryanto, H., Pramono, D. D., Rahmadiawan, D., & Pasion, B. J. (2025). The Effect of Heat Treatment Duration on the Psychochemical, Mechanical, and Biodegradability of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Gambir Extract Biocomposite Films. Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST), 9(2), 509-523.
DOI: 10.17977/um016v9i22025p509
Available at: https://citeus.um.ac.id/jmest/vol9/iss2/16