The Effect of Heat Treatment Duration on the Psychochemical, Mechanical, and Biodegradability of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Gambir Extract Biocomposite Films

Authors

Ainul Kahfi Muhlasin, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Universitas Negeri Malang, IndonesiaFollow
Poppy Puspitasari, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia; Nanomaterials Engineering Research Center, Universitas Negeri Malang, IndonesiaFollow
Heru Suryanto, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia; Center Excellent for Cellulose Composite (CECCom), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, East Java, IndonesiaFollow
Diki Dwi Pramono, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia; Nanomaterials Engineering Research Center, Universitas Negeri Malang, IndonesiaFollow
Dieter Rahmadiawan, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, 25173, West Sumatra, IndonesiaFollow
Billie Jack Pasion, College of Industrial Technology, Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology, PhilippinesFollow

Abstract

This study investigates PVA-based films with the addition of gambir and heat treatment to improve the characteristics of the film. Methods include the synthesis of PVA film with gambir addition (0.5%), treated by heat treatment for 40 minutes and 60 minutes. The film was characterised by physicochemical, mechanical properties, and biodegradability. Data was analyzed using ANOVA with a significance of 95%. Results indicate that the surface of PVA/gambir films is smoother and more homogeneous as the heat treatment duration increases. New peaks of functional groups were identified after the addition of gambir at the C-C and C-O groups. After heat treatment for 40 minutes, the film increases in crystallinity index, hydrophilicity, and the PVA/Gambir provides UV-A protection. Gambir addition does not significantly change hydrophilicity, whereas heat-treatment duration does. The biodegradation of PVA/Gambir (0.5%)- H40 film shows the highest biodegradation value of 18.66% on the 16th day. Gambir addition, heattreatment duration and time period each significantly affect biodegradability. The PVA/Gambir film with 40 minutes of heat treatment had the highest tensile strength of 47.82 N/mm² and elongation of 25.24%. However, the addition of gambier and heat treatment did not significantly affect tensile strength. The addition of gambier did not significantly affect elongation, but heat treatment had a significant effect.

Recommended Citation

Muhlasin, Ainul Kahfi; Puspitasari, Poppy; Suryanto, Heru; Pramono, Diki Dwi; Rahmadiawan, Dieter; and Pasion, Billie Jack (2025) "The Effect of Heat Treatment Duration on the Psychochemical, Mechanical, and Biodegradability of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Gambir Extract Biocomposite Films," Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST): Vol. 9: No. 2, Article 16.
Available at: https://citeus.um.ac.id/jmest/vol9/iss2/16