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Abstract

Higher education institutions still have substantial challenges when it comes to accommodating students with special needs, especially those who are visually or aurally impaired. Access to learning resources is still an issue, as are the limitations of adaptive learning media and the dominance of more conventional verbal and visual methods of information transmission. Hence, not all pupils are given the same chances throughout the learning process. With its emphasis on providing a variety of representational, interactive, and expressive tools, Universal Design for Learning (UDL) aims to meet the requirements of students with a wide range of learning styles. In order to provide accessible learning materials for students with disabilities, this research set out to determine what was necessary to build UDL-based online mobile learning. A needs-analysis methodology was used in this qualitative investigation. Participants were chosen at random from among students who were visually impaired, students who were hearing impaired, and professionals who work with kids who had visual impairments. The data was evaluated using theme analysis after being gathered via semi-structured interviews. First, there is a dire need for multimodal learning materials that combine text, audio, video, captions, and sign language. Second, there should be accessibility features that work with screen readers and allow for flexible navigation. Third, there should be instructional practice videos that are both contextual and easy to understand. Fourth, there should be interactive learning activities to encourage independent learning. Finally, there should be a thorough implementation of UDL principles. The results of this study outline the necessary steps to create online mobile learning that is based on universal design for learning (UDL). This kind of learning is anticipated to enhance the participation, accessibility, and academic success of students with disabilities in higher education. Furthermore, the results offer empirical support for creating adaptable and inclusive digital learning materials.

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