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Abstract

The outcome of social studies such as critical thinking, social responsibility, and informed-decision making, was not easily defined and complex because it was qualitative improvement. Moreover in the context of digital learning based, in which teachers’ social presence sometimes could not replace in a model of online learning. Despite this fact, surprisingly, few studies about personalized learning emphasized how social interaction could be built onto online teaching and learning process. Therefore, this study aim to re-conceptualizing cooperative learning in case of online learning is needed. To build the framework, this study conducted literature review. This study revealed that personalized learning helped students to connect and engaged to their peers, teachers, and community outside to strengthen students’ social competences.

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