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Abstract

This study aims to analyze the application of the 12 principles of animation, the construction of national identity, and audience interpretations of the animated film trailer Merah Putih: One for All. A qualitative approach was employed through scene-by-scene audiovisual analysis of the 2-minute, 2-second trailer published on the YouTube channel @perfikitv and reception analysis of 15 comments purposively selected from X. The analytical framework combines Thomas and Johnston’s 12 principles of animation with Stuart Hall’s encoding/decoding theory. The evaluation indicates that one principle was applied effectively, two were partially applied, four were inadequately applied, and five were not adequately identifiable in the analyzed scenes. National identity is constructed through national symbols, culturally diverse characters, and narratives of unity. Preliminary coding of audience comments identified ten oppositional, three negotiated, and two dominant-hegemonic readings. These interpretations reveal tensions among national identity messages, visual presentation quality, and audience expectations. Criticism of animation quality does not necessarily indicate rejection of nationalist values. The study highlights the importance of integrating audiovisual quality and cultural representation to communicate national identity through animation.

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