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Abstract

Borneo combines exceptional biological diversity with cultural traditions that shape regional identity. This study aims to develop contemporary batik motifs based on selected biological references associated with Borneo and one Dayak cultural reference while documenting the visual transformation process as research knowledge. A practice-based research approach was employed through exploration, design development, realization, expert validation, and revision. The initial exploration included the Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus), proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus), rhinoceros hornbill (Buceros rhinoceros), black orchid (Coelogyne pandurata), ironwood (Eusideroxylon zwageri), and pitcher plants (Nepenthes spp.), while the Dayak Betang House was treated separately as cultural heritage. Taxonomic verification was conducted to avoid unsupported claims of endemism. Twelve preliminary sketches were developed and refined into five final repeat-pattern motifs emphasizing the rhinoceros hornbill, black orchid, pitcher plant, tropical vegetation, and Betang House. Three validators assessed the designs using a four-point instrument covering originality, visual representation, stylization, composition, color, textile design principles, application potential, and aesthetics. Because the original numerical score matrix was unavailable, categorical assessments and qualitative feedback are reported without reconstructing numerical values. The study proposes an eight-step visual transformation model encompassing object exploration, morphological analysis, cultural interpretation, stylization, motif and repeat development, expert validation, revision and reflection, and final realization.

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